The following page is being used to provide cut and pastable versions of various texts that are featured in the book Resources and Lesson Plans for Teaching Art & Design Students, a book published in June 2023. Teachers can cut and paste the texts onto a printable worksheet or into an onscreen display document. This page will be updated over time.

NEW!! I’ve created a Wakelet board, which lists key terms and weblinks associated with design and sustainability issues.

https://wakelet.com/wake/uNhYJRu7l_7fq0-Gx6w7z

Page 15

Step 1 – first example

EXAMPLE

In ancient times, civilizations such as the Maya, Aztecs, and Egyptians developed sustainable practices that were reflected in their art.

…..

Step 1 – second example

EXAMPLE

Sustainability has been a critical topic throughout history, and artists have played a significant role in highlighting the importance of taking care of our planet.

…..

Step 2 sentences:

1. From early civilizations to contemporary art, sustainability has featured in various forms of art, including paintings, sculptures, installations, and performances.

2. Their artwork depicted the interconnectedness of humans with nature and the importance of preserving the balance of the ecosystem.

3. Throughout history, sustainability has been featured in various forms of art, and its importance has been highlighted by artists.

4. The 1970s saw the rise of the eco-art movement, which aimed to create art that promoted sustainable living and challenged the status quo.

5. Art has also played a significant role in social activism.

Page 16

Subject-verb agreement

My brother _____ hard for his exams.

The students _____ essays for their English class.

The orchestra _____ beautiful music.

Some of the clay _____ missing.

Plural/Singular nouns

This method has both advantage and disadvantage.

A considerable number of student had trouble with sleep deprivation.

Page 17

Paragraph:

Some people prefer to live in the city, while others prefer the countryside. Over the past one hundred years or so, more people have been drawn to living in the city, because that is often where they have a better chance of employment, as well as the fact that they can access lots of amenities and have more opportunities for social interaction. However, when people have enough money and decide upon a quieter life, they can end up choosing to move to a suburban or rural location. It seems that a combination of age and money can be key determinants of choice of location.

Connectors activity:

1. Many people enjoy going to the movies. _____, going to the movies can be an expensive outing. _____, the cost of tickets, popcorn, and drinks can add up quickly.

2. Exercise is important for maintaining good health. _____, it can also improve your mood. _____, studies have shown that regular exercise can reduce symptoms of depression.

3. Some people prefer to work in an office, while others prefer to work from home. _____, working from home has become more popular in recent years. _____, the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated this trend.

4. Online shopping has become increasingly popular in recent years. _____, it offers many advantages over traditional shopping. _____, you can shop from the comfort of your own home and have items delivered directly to your doorstep.

Page 19

Essay with citations and references missing

Sustainability in the arts through history

Sustainability has been a critical topic throughout history, and artists have played a significant role in highlighting the importance of taking care of our planet. From early civilizations to contemporary art, sustainability has been featured in various forms of art.

In ancient times, civilizations such as the Maya, Aztecs, and Egyptians developed sustainable practices that were reflected in their art. The Mayan civilization, for instance, constructed their cities in harmony with the environment, using natural resources and building structures that took advantage of sunlight and ventilation. Their artwork depicted the interconnectedness of humans with nature and the importance of preserving the balance of the ecosystem. During the Renaissance, artists such as Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo Buonarroti were fascinated with nature and the human body, reflecting the idea of harmony between the natural world and human beings. As explained in de Santos, Da Vinci’s Vitruvian Man, for example, portrayed the perfect proportions of the human body, representing the balance between humanity and nature.

In the 20th century, environmentalism became a pressing issue, and artists began to use their work to express their concerns about the destruction of the planet. Land artists, such as Robert Smithson, Richard Long, and Michael Heizer, created large-scale installations that incorporated natural elements and sought to raise awareness of the fragility of the environment. The 1970s saw the rise of the eco-art movement, which aimed to create art that promoted sustainable living and challenged the status quo. One of the most notable eco-artists is Agnes Denes, who is known for her large-scale environmental installations that tackle issues such as pollution, deforestation, and global warming.

In contemporary art, sustainability continues to be a crucial theme. Some artists use recycled materials to create their artworks, such as the Ghanaian artist El Anatsui, who makes stunning tapestries from discarded bottle caps. Other artists, such as Olafur Eliasson, create installations that engage the viewer in environmental issues, such as his 2003 installation The Weather Project, which used artificial sun and mist to create a dramatic effect and encourage reflection on climate change.

Art has also played a significant role in social activism, with artists using their work to address issues such as inequality, discrimination, and environmental degradation. The street artist Banksy, for instance, is known for his thought-provoking murals that “challenge the status quo and raise awareness of political and social issues.” In conclusion, sustainability has been a crucial theme in art throughout history, and artists have used their work to promote sustainable living, raise awareness of environmental issues, and challenge the status quo. Art has the power to inspire and create change, and artists will continue to play a significant role in shaping our understanding of sustainability and our relationship with the planet.

References:

Page 20

Essay with citations and references included

Sustainability in the arts through history

Sustainability has been a critical topic throughout history, and artists have played a significant role in highlighting the importance of taking care of our planet. From early civilizations to contemporary art, sustainability has been featured in various forms of art.

In ancient times, civilizations such as the Maya, Aztecs, and Egyptians developed sustainable practices that were reflected in their art. The Mayan civilization, for instance, constructed their cities in harmony with the environment, using natural resources and building structures that took advantage of sunlight and ventilation (Gallardo, 2014). Their artwork depicted the interconnectedness of humans with nature and the importance of preserving the balance of the ecosystem. During the Renaissance, artists such as Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo Buonarroti were fascinated with nature and the human body, reflecting the idea of harmony between the natural world and human beings. As explained in de Santos (2018), Da Vinci’s Vitruvian Man, for example, portrayed the perfect proportions of the human body, representing the balance between humanity and nature.

In the 20th century, environmentalism became a pressing issue, and artists began to use their work to express their concerns about the destruction of the planet. Land artists, such as Robert Smithson, Richard Long, and Michael Heizer, created large-scale installations that incorporated natural elements and sought to raise awareness of the fragility of the environment. The 1970s saw the rise of the eco-art movement, which aimed to create art that promoted sustainable living and challenged the status quo. One of the most notable eco-artists is Agnes Denes, who is known for her large-scale environmental installations that tackle issues such as pollution, deforestation, and global warming.

In contemporary art, sustainability continues to be a crucial theme. Some artists use recycled materials to create their artworks, such as the Ghanaian artist El Anatsui, who makes stunning tapestries from discarded bottle caps. Other artists, such as Olafur Eliasson, create installations that engage the viewer in environmental issues, such as his 2003 installation The Weather Project, which used artificial sun and mist to create a dramatic effect and encourage reflection on climate change.

Art has also played a significant role in social activism, with artists using their work to address issues such as inequality, discrimination, and environmental degradation. The street artist Banksy, for instance, is known for his thought-provoking murals that “challenge the status quo and raise awareness of political and social issues” (Rose, 2016, p. 11).

In conclusion, sustainability has been a crucial theme in art throughout history, and artists have used their work to promote sustainable living, raise awareness of environmental issues, and challenge the status quo. Art has the power to inspire and create change, and artists will continue to play a significant role in shaping our understanding of sustainability and our relationship with the planet.

References:

de Santos, S. H. D. (2018) The Secret Code of DaVinci. Calton University Press.

Gallardo, F. J. (2014). Mayan Architecture and Sustainable Design. The Aztec Arch Journal, 7(12), 111. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15588742.2015.xxxxxxx

Rose, B. (2016) A Complete Guide to Street Art’s Status Quo. Solid Moon Publishing.

Page 21

APA (American Psychological Association)

citation:

There is plenty of evidence for this (e.g., in Wagemann & Weger, 2021).

reference:

Wagemann, J. & Weger, U. (2021). Perceiving the other self: An experimental first-person account of nonverbal social interaction. The American Journal of Psychology, 134(4), 441–461. doi.org/10.5406/amerjpsyc.134.4.0441

Harvard (there is not one, official Harvard style, so some variations can be found)

citation:

There is plenty of evidence for this (e.g., in Wagemann & Weger, 2021).

reference:

Wagemann, J. & Weger, U. (2021) ‘Perceiving the other self: An experimental first-person account of nonverbal social interaction’. The American Journal of Psychology, 134(4), pp. 441–461. Available at: https://doi.org/10.5406/amerjpsyc.134.4.0441.

MLA (Modern Language Association)

citation:

There is plenty of evidence for this (e.g., Wagemann and Weger).

reference:

Wagemann, Johannes, and Ulrich Weger. “Perceiving the Other Self: An Experimental First-Person Account of Nonverbal Social Interaction.” The American Journal of Psychology, vol. 134, no. 4, 2021, pp. 441–461., https://doi.org/10.5406/amerjpsyc.134.4.0441.

MHRA (Modern Humanities Research Association)

citation:

There is plenty of evidence for this.1

footnote:

1 Johannes Wagemann and Ulrich Weger, ‘Perceiving the other self: An experimental first-person account of nonverbal social interaction’. The American Journal of Psychology, 134.4 (2021), 441–461 (p. 442).

reference:

Wagemann, Johanees and Ulrich Weger, ‘Perceiving the other self: An experimental first-person account of nonverbal social interaction’. The American Journal of Psychology, 134.4 (2021), 441–461 <DOI: 10.5406/amerjpsyc.134.4.0441>

page 22

1. I will discuss how the use of color and contrast in Wassily Kandinsky’s paintings expresses the artist’s emotional and spiritual beliefs, but I will also present evidence that Kandinsky may have also been influenced by application of color in Scottish art of the time.

2. The history of the internet can be traced back to the 1960s and has since revolutionized the way people communicate, work, and access information.

3. In this essay, I’m going to show how the use of negative space in graphic design can be a powerful tool for creating visual impact and conveying meaning in travel advertising.

4. Schools should implement a recycling program to reduce waste and promote sustainability.

LESSON 01: Concepts I

Genius loci refers to the spirit or essence of a place, often personified as a guardian or deity. It encompasses the unique physical, cultural, and historical characteristics of a location, and can influence the emotions and behavior of those who inhabit or visit it.

Roman religious art often depicted the genius loci in the form of a figure holding a horn, a bowl, or a snake. Christian Norberg-Schulz writes at length about genius loci in his book of the same name.

LESSON 02: Concepts II

The sculpture of “David” by Michelangelo is a masterpiece of Renaissance art. It depicts the biblical hero David standing at 17 feet tall, his body in a contrapposto stance with his weight shifted onto his right leg. David’s muscular frame is shows great attention to detail, from the veins in his arms to the tendons in his legs, giving the sculpture a sense of physicality and strength. David’s facial expression is one of determination and courage, his eyes focused intently on his foe. The tension in his neck and shoulders suggests a readiness to spring into action. The sculpture is an allegory of the human struggle against adversity and the triumph of the human spirit. It is a celebration of human potential and the capacity for greatness in the face of adversity. David’s victory over the giant Goliath seems to represent the triumph of intellect over brute force, of courage over fear, and of determination over despair.

LESSON 09: Typeface

Hector Guimard created designs for the Paris Metro entrances in 1889. His hand-drawn letters were inspired by the poet and Art Nouveau graphic designer George Auriol. These days, Paris uses Parisine as the official typeface for the Paris subway system. It uses lowercase letters, whereas the previous typeface, called Univers, used all uppercase letters.

Frank Pick was hired as the publicity officer for the London Underground in 1908. He brought in a number of artists and designers to create adverts and signage, including Edward Johnston, who created the typeface for all London Underground signage, and Henry Beck, who designed the original London Underground map. The map was organized as a grid system of vertical, horizontal, and 45-degree lines. The colors made it even easier to follow, and many transit maps worldwide have copied this idea.

LESSON 13: Rorschach Test

The goal of this test is to evoke a subconscious reaction to the abstract art, overlaying it with your own biases and deepest thoughts, so that whatever you see first is what you’re thinking about. Although it has fallen out of favor in the last few years (“pseudo-science” has been used to describe it), it’s still a very useful trope to describe the field of psychology.

(Source: https://towardsdatascience.com/rorschach-tests-for-deep-learning-image-classifiers-68c019fcc9a9)

LESSON 14: Behind the Mask

During the bubonic plague outbreak in Europe in the 14th century, doctors wore costumes to protect themselves from the deadly disease. The most recognizable element of their attire was the beaked mask. The masks were made of leather and had a long, narrow beak that resembled that of a bird. The beak was filled with aromatic herbs, such as mint, cloves, and lavender, which were thought to purify the air and prevent the spread of the disease. Additionally, the masks had glass openings for the eyes and a hat that covered the head. The costume was completed by a long black robe and gloves, which were also made of leather. Although the beaked masks may look eerie, they served as a precursor to modern personal protective equipment.

Surgical N95 masks are a type of personal protective equipment used by healthcare professionals to protect themselves from airborne particles and droplets. They are designed to filter out at least 95% of airborne particles, including bacteria and viruses. Surgical N95 masks are made of multiple layers of materials, including melt-blown polypropylene and non-woven fabric, which provide superior filtration and breathability. They are also designed to create a seal around the wearer’s face, ensuring that the air is filtered before it is breathed in. These masks are essential in preventing the spread of infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, in healthcare settings.

The Venice Carnival masks are iconic symbols of the annual festival held in Venice, Italy. The tradition of wearing masks during the carnival dates back to the 12th century, when Venetians used them to hide their social status and engage in behavior that was otherwise prohibited. Over time, the masks became more elaborate and decorative, although they are still typically made from papier-mâché. The most famous types of masks include the bauta, which covers the entire face and has a prominent chin, the columbina, which covers only half of the face and is often decorated with feathers, and the morenito, which is a small black mask worn by men. The masks are not only beautiful but also represent a rich history and tradition.

LESSON 16: Tisza Cipő Shoes

  • The tiny village of Martfű has made a big name for itself as the capital of Hungarian shoes.
  • He started producing shoes three years later under the name ‘Cikta Inc’.
  • …but (they) later exported to the CMEA market.
  • Martfű and its shoe factory became iconic. So much so that Valentina Tereshkova, the first female astronaut, visited the plant.
  • Tisza shoes were nicknamed the “Adidas of the steppe.”
  • Tisza was the dominant player in the domestic market for a long time.

….

1939: Jan Antonin Baťa bought a site for his factory.

1942: He started producing shoes under the name ‘Cikta Inc’. / A sports association called Cikta Levente SE was opened in Martfű.

1945: The association was re-established as the Workers’ Sports Association.

1949: The factory was nationalized and changed its name to Tisza Shoe Factory National Company.

1965: Valentina Tereshkova visited the factory/plant.

1971: The “T” logo was born.

1987: The first Adidas store opened in Budapest.

1990s: The factory switched to manufacturing everyday shoes.

2003: The factory started to make the Tisza sports shoe again.

LESSON 21: Biotechnology

  • What are the raw materials/ingredients?
  • What are the properties of the materials/ingredients?
  • What are some of the production processes it undergoes?
  • What material(s) is it perhaps trying to replace?
  • What are some of the applications for the material?
  • Which designers/companies have used the material?
  • Does large-scale, sustainable production of the material seem feasible?

LESSON 23: Book Interiors

Once upon a time, there was a little girl named Lily. Lily loved to explore and learn about the world around her. One day, while walking in the forest, she stumbled upon a tiny fairy named Tinker.

Tinker was frightened and hid behind a mushroom, but Lily gently coaxed her out. She was amazed at the tiny, delicate creature with shimmering wings.

LESSON 24: Celadon Pottery

A ceramic is a non-metallic inorganic material composed of metal or non-metal compounds that have been formed and then hardened at very high temperatures. It is a hard ceramic, corrosion-resistant, and brittle in general. The word “ceramic” comes from the Greek word “pottery.”

(Source: https://uk.farandaway.co/blogs/the-artisan/types-of-ceramics)

LESSON 36: Steve Cutts

Packaging waste makes up more than 10% of the landfilled waste in the United States. While consumers often want to make environmentally friendly product choices, we find that their perceptions of the environmental friendliness of product packaging may systematically deviate from its objective environmental friendliness.

Sokolova, T., et al. (2023) Paper meets plastic. Journal of Consumer Research.

Technology has made it easier than ever to access other people’s decisions.

Nan, L. X., et al. (2023) Rejections are more contagious than choices. Journal of Consumer Research.

Whereas traditional branding involves advertising via media channels such as TV and magazines, recent marketing approaches increasingly depend on digital media produced for Instagram, YouTube, and other social media platforms where consumers are spending a majority of their time.

Lee, J. K., & de Fortuny, E. J. (2021) Influencer-generated reference groups. Journal of Consumer Research. 49(1), 25-45.

Consumers are increasingly engaging in mysterious consumption, a phenomenon whereby consumers purchase products without knowing their exact nature.

Buechel, E. C., & Li, R. (2023) Mysterious consumption. Journal of Consumer Research.

LESSON 38: Masdar City

Masdar City is a groundbreaking urban development project. Masdar City also serves as a hub for research and development in clean technologies, attracting leading companies, startups, and academic institutions globally from around the world. With its commitment to sustainability, Masdar City stands as a shining example of sustainable urban living and continues to inspire future cities globally. Designed as a sustainable, eco-friendly city, Masdar City showcases innovative technologies and practices aimed at reducing its environmental footprint. It is considered one of the world’s most ambitious renewable energy initiatives, with a strong focus on renewable energy sources and energy efficiency. The city incorporates cutting-edge design principles, etc.

LESSON 40: Critical Thinking

Critical thinking’s historical origins

Critical thinking is not new. Many academics attribute its origins to ancient Greece, with the philosopher Socrates (470-399 BC) who encouraged his students to ask questions. By asking questions, new answers and ideas could be discovered. He was accused of corrupting people’s minds and was sentenced to drink a cup of hemlock. The following painting offers an interpretation of Socrates’ last moments.

The Death of Socrates (French: La Mort de Socrate) is an oil painting by Jacques-Louis David (1787). 

Source: http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/436105

Bloom’s taxonomy

In 1956, Benjamin Bloom formulated a framework that categorized learning outcomes. These are closely related to the degree of thinking and information retrieval involved. Some academics have suggested that these categories should not be separated–we use a blend of these categories when undertaking any task, even seemingly simple tasks. Note some of the verbs used alongside each category, as many of these appear in academic essay tasks. Where does “discuss” sit in this chart? What are the implications of its position?

Source: Vanderbilt University Center for Teaching

The Mona Lisa mystery

One of the most famous paintings in art history is Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa (painted between 1503-1519). However, there has never been complete agreement on who the subject of the painting is. Some of the speculations have included the following. Which idea are you inclined to agree with? Why?

The lift puzzle

Adam goes to work each morning. He leaves his apartment/flat, locks his front door and takes the elevator/lift down from the 28th floor and exits the building. When Adam returns to the building after work, he walks up the stairs to reach his apartment/flat. However, if it’s a rainy day, Adam takes the elevator/lift up to the 28th floor.

Why is this?

Bonus Content

Here is a list of phrasal verbs that could be useful for art and design students:

  1. Bring out: To make something more noticeable or prominent. Example: The artist used contrasting colors to bring out the details of the painting.
  2. Set up: To arrange or establish something, such as an exhibition or a display. Example: The students set up their artworks in the gallery for the final showcase.
  3. Work on: To focus on or improve something through practice or effort. Example: The designer needs to work on the typography to enhance the overall layout.
  4. Fill in: To add color, details, or shading to an outline or sketch. Example: The illustrator filled in the lines with vibrant watercolors.
  5. Break down: To analyze or examine something in detail. Example: The art professor broke down the composition of the painting during the lecture.
  6. Bring together: To gather or combine different elements or ideas into a cohesive whole. Example: The designer brought together various textures to create an interesting fabric collage.
  7. Take inspiration from: To use something as a source of inspiration. Example: The photographer took inspiration from nature when capturing the beauty of landscapes.
  8. Stand out: To be noticeable or distinctive among others. Example: The sculpture’s unique form made it stand out in the exhibition.
  9. Sketch out: To make a quick or rough drawing as a preliminary step. Example: The architect sketched out the initial floor plan for the new building.
  10. Mix up: To combine different colors or materials. Example: The artist mixed up different shades of blue to create a gradient effect.
  11. Tear down: To dismantle or remove something, often for a redesign or renovation. Example: The team had to tear down the old set to make way for the new stage design.
  12. Cut out: To remove or eliminate a specific part or shape. Example: The graphic designer cut out the unnecessary elements to simplify the logo.
  13. Blend in: To combine or integrate smoothly with the surroundings. Example: The mural artist used colors that would blend in with the existing architecture.
  14. Bring in: To introduce or incorporate something new into a design or artwork. Example: The fashion designer decided to bring in elements of streetwear into the collection.

Remember that phrasal verbs can have multiple meanings depending on the context, and some are both separable and inseparable, while others can only be used inseparably.